Appeals to B P A I
A patent examiner’s final rejections of patent claims may be appealed to the Board of Patent Appeals and Interferences (BPAI). Appeals require payment of substantial fees to the Patent Office, and time and effort will be invested in briefing (usually required unless avoided by an early and favorable pre-appeal decision) and oral argument (if requested by applicant).
Appeals to the Board share some of the elements of a response to an office action, while in other respects such appeals are similar to Federal Circuit appeals.

